Split ends are one of the most common hair health issues, affecting about 40% of adults. They are true longitudinal fissures of the hair shaft that compromise a healthy-looking mane. But what causes them, how do they form and what can we do to prevent them? In this article, we will cover everything you need to know about split ends, based on the main causes and the most effective remedies.
What Are Split Ends and Why Do They Form?
Split ends represent a fracture that occurs where the hair medulla ends. Healthy hair is composed of:
- Length: The portion with the medulla that makes up roughly 2/3 of the structure.
- Tip: The terminal portion, about 1/3 of the length, lacking the medulla.
When hair is cut or exposed to stress (thermal, chemical or mechanical), the medulla closes, but the walls of its cavity can collapse and touch. This phenomenon causes a visible break in the fiber, resulting in split ends.
Main Causes of Split Ends
Split ends form as a result of damage that weakens the hair fiber. Triggering factors include:
1. Incorrect Use of the Hairdryer
Using a hairdryer on still-wet hair at high temperatures can cause a phenomenon called thermal shock. The water inside the fiber evaporates rapidly, increasing pressure and promoting hair breakage.
2. Aggressive Styling Treatments
The use of flat irons, curling irons, perms and frequent coloring weakens the hair structure, causing split ends.
3. Lack of Heat Protection
Not protecting hair from heat increases the risk of fiber damage.
4. External Agents and the Environment
Factors such as sun exposure, swimming pools, saltwater or chlorine can worsen hair fragility.
Types of Split Ends
1. Classic Split Ends
This is a simple bifurcation of the hair shaft, visible to the naked eye.
2. Brush-like Ends
This particular form of damage appears with loss of the cuticle and separation of the internal cortex components. Three stages can be distinguished:
- The presence of white areas visible only under a microscope.
- The formation of swellings due to structural laxity.
- The final disintegration, which gives a “brush-like” appearance.
Remedies for Split Ends
1. Regular Trims
The most effective way to remove split ends is to trim them. It is recommended to trim hair every 6–8 weeks.
2. Repair Treatments
Using products with keratin or natural oils helps temporarily seal damaged ends, improving their appearance.
3. Deep Hydration
Moisturizing masks formulated with natural oils, such as argan or coconut, help strengthen the hair structure.
4. Heat Protection
Before using a hairdryer, flat iron or curling iron, apply a heat protectant to reduce heat-induced damage to the fiber.
Click here to discover Heat Protectants
How to Prevent Split Ends
1. Lower the Hairdryer Temperature
Avoid using very hot air on wet hair. Instead, use a moderate temperature and dry hair gently.
2. Choose the Right Products
Prefer cosmetics formulated with heat-resistant hydrophobic silicones that protect the fiber up to 200°C.
3. Avoid Overly Aggressive Treatments
Limit the use of flat irons and frequent chemical treatments.
4. Consistent Hydration
Keeping hair well hydrated is essential to prevent fragility.
Conclusion
Split ends are not just an aesthetic problem but a sign of weakened, damaged hair. To prevent them, it is important to adopt an appropriate care routine, protect hair from heat and keep it hydrated. On our e-commerce site you will find a selection of products specifically for the protection and repair of damaged hair.
Don’t wait! Take care of your hair to keep it healthy, strong and free of split ends.
